Psoriasis is a disease with characteristic symptoms on the skin in the form of spots and plaques. In some cases, its signs appear on the head and nails. The causes of the disease lie in the shortcomings of the immune system, while the treatment of the disease is carried out at home using ointments, creams, as well as drugs taken inside.
What is it?
Psoriasis is not infectious skin lesion of non -infectious origin. Usually it appears on the skin of the arms, legs, torso, head, nails and so on. The disease negatively affects the entire body, its course is characterized by periods when the manifestations of psoriasis are aggravated and falling.
The main causes of the disease lie in the wrong actiontheir ownbody cells that belong to the immune system. Their pathogenic effect leads to an inflammatory reaction in the upper layers of the skin, due to which the epidermis grows excessively, and new small capillaries appear. External symptoms look like red and crimson spots, photos of which are given below in the text. For effective treatment, it is necessary not only external exposure, such as various ointments, but the use of drugs taken inward.
Classification
Based on what symptoms there are, psoriasis is attributed to one of two forms-Pustular and Non Pustular, which in turn are also divided into several sub-forms. The first species is quite rare, it is expressed by the defeat of the feet and palms of the hands.
Pustulenia psoriasisdivided into:
- Generalized
- Annularly
- Palmoplantaris, which most often affects the arms and legs
- Ladomary-sustained
Non PustularIt happens:
- Ordinary - chronic Blasco Prominent
- Erythrodermic
In addition, psoriasis is medicinal, Seboreynom, as well as the joints of the joints and folding of folds appearing in the areas of flexion.
SeverityIt is determined by the area of the lesion, psoriasis is included in severe form, in which more than 10% of the entire surface of the skin is affected.
Symptoms and first signs with photos
Psoriasis is a pathological disease of the whole organism that wearsSystemiccharacter. Because of this, the patient has symptoms of emergency fatigue even with minimal loads. However, the main signs and manifestations that the disease differs from others is the presence of psoriatic consequences on the surface of the skin, including on the head, and sometimes even on nails and joints. If the pathology is not treated, then external manifestations gradually progress in their development.
Lesions on the skin
Plains and spots are formed due to uncontrolled cellular division of cellular structures of the upper layer of the skin. Because of this, inferior cells are formed, which gradually lead to local thickening, redness and visibility of the capillary grid. A large number of capillaries leads to the formation of bruises even with minor injuries of plaques.
There is sometimes a gray plaque above the spots, which resembles a layer of paraffin, which is why such a symptom is sometimes called the "paraffin lake". However, this, of course, is not paraffin, but simply dead epithelium, accumulated due to the impaired function of its rejection.
In the absence of treatment, the spots will gradually increase in size, merging and uniting among themselves. The local temperature of such formations is higher than usual, so they seem hot. Often they itch much, which often leads to an additional infection in children.
In addition, psoriasis can lead to skin rashes in the form of a large numbersmall paples, the size of which does not exceed one millimeter. They protrude above the skin and are most often noticeable in the area of the elbows and knees. Usually, such a rash does not disappear even when there is a remission of the disease, while spots and plaques can light, change the shape to the ring or completely disappear, leaving behind only a pigmented area.
Nails
If psoriasis is launched, then gradually pathological changes will become noticeable on the nails. The main manifestations in this case are "strictness". Under the nail, there is often a single spot, and the liquid also accumulates, as a result of which signs of yellowing, uneven thickening and the general view of the "cloth of the bird" become noticeable. The causes of such a nail lesion lies in a violation of blood supply, as well as a lack of nutrients.
If the ailment is not treated at this stage, then the bed of the nail will gradually harden, which will end in its loss. Before that, the presence of red inflamed border is usually observed around the bed.
Joints
In some cases, small joints are affected by psoriasis, which acquire signs of an inflammatory reaction and pain.
Head
The scalp often also has a sign of psoriasis, which do not differ from manifestations in other areas of the body and limbs. Hair structures these manifestations do not concern. In addition to the hairy zone, the symptoms are often noticeable in the adjacent zones - ear and cervical.
How psoriasis develops
The formation of the first spots and plaques occurs in areas with dry skin, but in places where it is moist, for example, armpits, symptoms of the initial stage never appear. The most frequent place of formation of the first signs is the inner side of the elbow, a zone under the knee, the border of the hairline on the head, as well as places constantly subjected to friction or injuries. In most cases, the signs are located symmetrically.
Psoriasis proceeds with the following stages:
- ProgressiveWhen new plaques arise, existing ones increase, which is accompanied by itching and peeling.
- Stationarywhen an increase in the size of existing spots stops, and new ones are not formed
- Regressing, occurring during active treatment, as a result of which the symptoms fall, and pigmented areas remain at the lesion site
Diagnostics
To prescribe effective treatment, which is most often carried out at home, it is important to undergo diagnostics indermatologist. He will accurately determine the type of disease and prescribe the correct therapy with ointments and systemic remedies. Special analyzes for accurate diagnosis are not carried out. The doctor is enough for an external examination when, after trying to scrape the plaque, bleeding will appear.
Another specific symptom by which psoriasis can be diagnosed is a pale border around the perimeter of the recently arising papule, which has not yet been covered with scales. This manifestation is a vascular reaction of the skin surface and means the progression of pathology.
In the case of severe, changes in the general blood test may be observed, which indicate the presence of inflammation. In some situations, in order to differentiate psoriasis from other skin pathologies, a biopsy is taken from the damage zone.Treatment of psoriasis at home
Regardless of the causes of the disease during treatment, it is important to use both local drugs, for example, ichthyol ointment, and medicines for oral administration. Additional positive effects are provided by various physiotherapy procedures.
With psoriasis at an early stage, the main treatment is ointment or cream. These drugs are both ordinary and with the content of hormones. What specific means should a pathology treat the doctor according to the results of the examination.
Patients with psoriasismedium and heavyThe degree is additionally treated with the help of drugs taken inside. Usually this is a combination of drugs containing group A vitamins, as well as immunosuppressants and cytostatics.
The use of physiotherapeutic therapy also brings a significant improvement in the patient's condition. Often, with the help of physiotherapy, the same effect is achieved as some drugs. Such procedures include:
- Phototherapy with ultraviolet light
- Laser therapy
- Ultrasound
- Magnetotherapy
- Electrophoresis
In the treatment of psoriasis, the same set of treatment methods is used on the head.
During therapy, it is often observed by the development of the resistance of the disease to the selected methods, so it is important to periodically change treatment, conducting the rotation of the methods used.Diet with psoriasis
As we indicated at the beginning of the article, one of the causes of psoriasis is the wrong work of the immune system, which in some cases occurs due toIncorrect metabolism, in particular lipid. This problem can be eliminated with a simple adjustment of the diet, which will help reduce the symptoms on the skin. Diet treatment involves a decrease in the fat content of the products consumed, while the basic principles of the diet are:
- Prohibition of alcohol, smoked, fried
- Fractional consumption of food in small portions 5-6 times
- Minimization of salt consumption, artificial additives to enhance color, taste, etc.
- Refusal of oranges, tangerines
- Loading on cereals and vegetables
- The oil is only vegetable
By adjusting the diet, taking the prescribed drugs inside and using ointment and cream, you can achieve a significant process and get rid of psoriasis, conducting treatment at home.